Legal Framework for Promoting Environmental Justice in the Context of Climate Change: Highlighting Proactive Role of the Supreme Court ofPakistan

Abstract

Climate change is one of the most pressing global issues, necessitating robust legal frameworks and judicial oversight to mitigate its impacts. Climate change poses significant threats to Pakistan, including increased frequency of extreme weather events, glacial melting, water scarcity and heat waves. As a developing country with a predominantly agrarian economy, Pakistan is particularly vulnerable to these impacts. This necessitates effective legal mechanisms and proactive judicial intervention to address climate change challenges. This paper examines the evolution of climate change law in Pakistan and analyzes key judgments of the Supreme Court that have shaped the nation's response to environmental challenges. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has played a pivotal role in interpreting and enforcing these laws, expanding the scope of environmental justice through landmark judgments. These judicial decisions have emphasized the protection of environmental rights and the necessity of climate resilience. By analyzing key Supreme Court rulings, the paper underscores the judiciary's contribution to advancing environmental justice and addressing the multifaceted issues posed by climate change.