Evolution of Pakistan's Strategic Culture: From Jihad in Afghanistan to Paigham-e-Pakistan

Abstract

The present study explores the complex development of Pakistan's strategic culture, following its path from the "Jihad" phase of the Soviet-Afghan War to the modern values embodied in the "Paigham-e-Pakistan" philosophy. It analyzes the historical background and consequences of the Afghan Jihad critically, explaining how Pakistan's participation unintentionally increased regional instability and promoted the emergence of extremism. Seeing the need for a paradigm change, the study examines Pakistan's strategic realignment in the direction of the Paigham-e-Pakistan ideology, which emphasizes the value of inclusivity, ideological resilience, and counter-narratives in thwarting extremism and promoting regional peace. The article highlights the difficulties in this transformation, acknowledging the inherent complications of juggling geopolitics, ideology, and security imperatives. In order to fulfill Pakistan's ongoing responsibility to play a responsible global role in thwarting extremism and advancing regional stability, it ends by arguing for persistent efforts to address socioeconomic grievances, fortify governance structures, and promote regional collaboration.