Countering China's Infrastructure in Asia: Opportunities for Türkiye amid the U.S., India, EU, and South Korea's Strategic Projects

Abstract

This paper explores the strategic competition over infrastructure projects in Asia, focusing on the countermeasures taken by the U.S., India, the EU, and South Korea against China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). While China's BRI has created significant economic opportunities and expanded its influence, it has also triggered concerns among other major powers, leading to the launch of multiple counter-initiatives. Türkiye, strategically located at the crossroads of Asia and Europe, faces both challenges and opportunities in this evolving landscape. By analyzing the geopolitical dynamics and the various infrastructure projects in play, this study highlights how Türkiye can navigate these complexities, leveraging its unique position to benefit from competing global interests. The research employs a postpositivist approach, utilizing diverse secondary sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of the emerging "clash of infrastructures" in Asia and its implications for Türkiye's strategic choices.