What drives online distance learning ODL? An empirical Investigation based on perception of University Students in Pakistan

Abstract

Online Distance Learning (ODL) has become increasingly prevalent in higher education, particularly in response to the growing demand for flexible learning options. This study adopts a thematic research approach to explore the factors that drive the adoption and effectiveness of ODL from the perspective of university students in Pakistan. The study identifies key themes and patterns in students' perceptions of ODL. The analysis reveals several factors influencing students' engagement with ODL platforms, including technological infrastructure, accessibility, course design, instructional methods, social interaction, and support services. Additionally, the study examines the challenges and barriers faced by students in utilizing ODL, such as internet connectivity issues, digital literacy skills, time management, and social isolation. By adopting a thematic research approach, this study provides rich insights into the complexities of ODL adoption among university students in Pakistan. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors shaping students' experiences and preferences in online learning environments, informing strategies for enhancing the design and delivery of ODL programs in the context of Pakistan's higher education landscape.