Implementation of Gardner’s Model of Integrative and Instrumental Motivation on English Language Learning among Pakistani Medical and Dentistry Students

Abstract

Motivation is one of the most important factors in language acquisition. This study is devised to determine the motivational orientations of medical and dentistry students at Khyber Medical University (KMU) in English language learning. In this cross- descriptive study, 200 students of the dentistry and medical colleges at Peshawar were chosen by census sampling method. Gardner’s method of  integrative and instrumental motivation scale was used for  data gathering, which adopt likert's 5 points scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to disagree (2), neutral (3), agree (4) and strongly agree (5). The questions from 1-12 indicated the integrative and 13-25 indicated the instrumental motivation. Two open ended questions were included to measure language self efficacy of the students to rate their own English proficiency level and elicit qualitative information to see whether there has been any change in the level of their motivation. The data were analyzed, using SPSS14, t test and Chi square: The results indicated that the students were highly motivated to learn English and there were no statistically significant differences on instrumental versus integrative motivational orientations of these students (p=0.07). This study indicated high motivation for learning English among the medical and dentistry students at KMU. Considering the importance of learning English for the students, language teachers and program developers should assist the students and plan better and comprehensive programs for teaching English at the university level which would include involving the students in the actual use of the English language.”