Sir Halford John Mackinder’s Theories and US Geopolitical and Geostrategic Interest in Afghanistan

Abstract

This research paper examines the significance of Sir Halford John Mackinder's geopolitical theories in influencing current geopolitical and geostrategic aims of the United States in Afghanistan. Mackinder's Heartland Theory, has contributed a theoretical framework that facilitates comprehension of the geopolitical importance of Eurasia and its ramifications on global power dynamics. This study examines the ideas proposed by Mackinder, focusing on their fundamental principles and their relevance to Afghanistan's strategic positioning within the Heartland region. This essay aims to analyze Mackinder's notions of the World-Island, Heartland, and Rimland in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the historical backdrop and geopolitical factors that have shaped the United States' involvement in Afghanistan.

Additionally, this study examines the progression of United States foreign policy in Afghanistan, spanning from the Cold War period to the present day. It establishes correlations between Mackinder's geopolitical concepts and the strategic factors that have influenced American engagement in the region. The research incorporates geopolitical aspects, including factors such as the availability of crucial resources, the maintenance of regional stability, and the strategic response to possible adversaries.

The results of this study make a valuable contribution to the wider academic discussion on the convergence of classical geopolitical theories and current global events. They provide a more nuanced comprehension of the geopolitical and geostrategic aspects of United States' engagement in Afghanistan.